Welding tubes to plates or cylinders



April 10, 1928. 1 665461 H. S. HOLMES WELDING TUBES T0 PLATES OR CYLINDERS Filed March 2'7. 1926 2 sheets -sheet l &

& @S

4 e z 5 J 76 /5 I? Z? x 7W 77A Suva wot E/VRFJ 1754/1755 1 17 $3M, QM

WM MA April 10, 1928. 1,665,461

H. s. HOLMES WELDING TUBES TO PLATES OR CYLINDERS File March 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z \A tm avwamtoz t al Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY HOLMES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TQ THOMAS E. MURRAY, 03? BROQKLYN, NEW YORK.

WELDING Iflllilili T PLATES 0R CYLINDERS.

Application filed March 27, 1926. Serial F0. 97,867.

My invention provides improvements in methods and apparatus by which a pipe can be welded at its end to a plate or cylinder and particularly where the parts are so shaped as to make access in the ordinary way diflicult. 'The invention is shown in the welding of pin bushings to the sides of a hollow piston.

Fig. l is a horizontal section of the tinished piston;

Fig. 2 is a similar section of the rough pis ton ready application of the bushings;

Fig. 3 is a similar section of a bushing;

4 is a cross-section of the parts iii position for welding the first bushing;

Fig. 5 is plan of the lower electrode;

Figs. c-

'8" are cross-sections of the work. successive stages;

Fig. 8 is cross-section of the parts in po- 1 sition for welding the second bushing.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated a piston 1 is to be provided with in wardly projecting bushings 2 for the pins of the connecting rod. lhe first step is to make a rough piston 3, Fig. 2, by forging or hot pressing or drawing from a steel billet or blank; holes pierced zit-opposite ends of dianiem drawn in to form vribs l. The hu gs also be forged or hot a pressed, o or they may be turned. from or tube to the shown a tube with inside pro= 6 near the end which is to 3 he welded ustrates the rough piston 3 with a rough lo 5 in postion to he welded to the rih 4; surrounding one of the openin s. The piston rests'on alower electrode i, t-= ting into a'c ylindrical groove 8, Fig. 5, on the upper ce thereof. The electrode has a. circular 9 which enters the hole in the piston and locates the latter correct position. There is an opening through the center of the ejection 9, clear throne ode, will a lining ll) sepia the surrounding electrode 12 has a cylindrical p. gee on to from its side with a she adapted to beer on shoulder ot the T and uiding exite titers t tube in the lower ele 'lhe u p r part of the ex- A tension l8 a guioi sleeve 16 around it in it w eulstion t8. the

fit of the tube 16 in the upper flange 4 and of the extension in the tube 10 hold the parts accurately in alignment.

Pressure is applied to the upper electrode 12, forcing the bushing 5 against the lower flange l; and a current is passed from one electrode to the 'other through the joint. The metal is softened and welded and taken up by the continued pressure ofthe electrodes to the desired extent.

Fig. 6 shows the resulting shape of the joint witha certain quantity of metal extruded at each side in the form of an irregu lar rib or flash 18, 19. The inside flash 19 and the projection 6 are then removed with a drill or rearner, reducing the bushing to the finished form 2 of Figs. 7 and 1.

The piston is then turned upside down, Fig. 8, and the second bushing 5 applied in the same way as the first one. The upper bushing 2 forms a long guide for the part 13 of the upper electrode and ensures perfect alignment of the two bushings.

The second bushing is finished in the same Way as the first and the piston machined to the finished shape shown at 1, Fig. 1. The electrodes may be of copper, with openings as shown for water cooling. The guide tubes 18 and 16 may be of brass or steel, preferably the tube 10 being brass and the tube 16 steel.

In the restricted space permitted it would be very dificult to applythe bushings by or diuar y' electrodes surrounding them. lt is important that the electrode engage the bushing near the outer end so as to provide a. short path for the current through the metal of the bushing to the joint. And. while theinvention is of particular value in welding'bushings on the inside of the hollow piston, it has advantages also in welding pipes to plates of: other shapes than the oylindrical one described.

Various modifications of the described method and apparatus, and applications of 2. In the welding of a pipe .to a plate, the method which consists in providing a projection on the inside of the pipe and pressing it against the plate by pressure applied to said projection and subsequently removing said projection. H 1

- 3.. In the welding of a pipe to the inside of a piylinder the method which consists in provi ing a projection on the inside of the pipe and pressing the latter against the cylinder by pressure applied to said projection;

4. In the welding of a pipe to the inside of a cylinder the method'which consists in passing a tool through an opening in the other side of the cylinder and into engagement with the pipe and exerting pressure n said tool to force the pipe against the rylinder, l

5. The method of claim 4, the pipe havinga projection on the inside, against which the tube bears.

6. In the welding of pin bushings to a piston the method which consists in forming opposite openings in the pisten and introducing a tool through one opening to engage a bushing and press it against the piston around the other opening.

7. The method of claim 6, the bushings being provided with a projection on the in side against which the tool bears.

8. The method out claim 6, the piston being provided with flanges around the openings and the bushings being welded to these flanges.

9. The method of claim 5 the pressing tooi neeawi constituting one electrode and the piston being supported against a second electrode, and a current being passed between the electrodes to heat the joint being welded.

10. An apparatus'of the class described including a pair of electrodes one of which is. adapted to pass through an opening in the work and is provided with an insulated sleeve for guiding it in such opening.

11. An apparatus of the class described including a pair of electrodes of which one is provided with an opening and the other with an extension passing through the work and entering and guided in the opening in the first electrode.

12. An apparatus of the class described including a'pair of electrodes one of which is adapted to pass through an opening in the work and is provided with an insulated sleeve for guiding it in such opening and which has an extension passing through the work and .into the other electrode, the second electrode having an opening with an insulated lining, ,in which said extension is guided.

13. In the welding of a pipe to a plate, the method which consists in providing a projection on the inside of the pipe near the end to be welded and pressing the pipe against the plate by pressure of an electrode applied to said projection. in witness whereof, l have hereunto signed my name,

S, HQLMES 

